INICIO

Partisans of Vilna

Partisan warfare served both national and personal objectives, allowing Jews to play a role in the war against Nazism and to avenge the murders of their families and fellow Jews.

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Prisoners' orchestra in Auschwitz

Prisoners' orchestra during a Sunday concert for the SS-men in Auschwitz. The orchestra was probably conducted by the inmate Franciszek Nierychlo.

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Aleksander Kulisiewicz

Aleksander Kulisiewicz was a songwriter and performer who composed 54 songs during more than five years of imprisonment in Sachsenhausen. He is also noteworthy for having created and preserved the largest collection of music composed in the Nazi camps.

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Music in Theresienstadt

Theresienstadt has become synonymous with the 'music of the Shoah'. This is justified by the quality and quantity of the musical life there, which constitutes a special case in the Nazi camp system as a whole.

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On this day

9

mayo 1883

Armin Berg

Austrian cabaret artist , composer, pianist, writer and actor Armin Berg was born as Hermann Weinberger #OTD in 1883. Berg escaped to the US in 1938, where he lived hand-to-mouth selling paper goods.

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Politics and Propaganda

From Hitler’s rise to power in 1933 until the liberation in 1945, music played an integral role in daily life under Nazism. The Nazi Party used music in its publicity, policy, and propaganda, and attempted to 'cleanse' the German musical world of 'degeneracy'.

Resistance & Exile

While for the vast majority of Nazi inmates armed resistance was almost impossible, isolated groups were able to engage in organised resistance—and music often supported their cause.

Responses

The Nazi ghettos and camps housed millions of people from across Europe, and their responses to internment were as diverse as the religions, ages, and nationalities they represented.

Memory

Music has played an integral role in Holocaust commemoration since the immediate post-war period. In the late 1940s, Jewish Holocaust survivors established a lively and diverse musical life in Displaced Persons’ camps in Allied-occupied Europe, particularly in the American zone of occupied Germany.

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In 1939 the Czech composer Bohuslav Martinů (1890-1959) tried to join the Resistance in France but was not accepted because of his age.

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Richard Fuchs

Richard Fuchs was a German Jewish architect, artist and composer who founded the Baden-Wurttenberg branch of the Jüdischer Kulturbund (Jewish Cultural League).

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Wilhelm Rettich

Wilhelm Rettich was a German composer, conductor and teacher. He fled to the Netherlands in 1933 and survived the Nazi occupation by hiding in a cellar.

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Hans Keller

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Austrian-born British musicologist and music critic Hans Keller (1919-1985), who made significant contributions to musicology and music criticism, was arrested by the Nazis and forced to leave Austria following the Anschluss in 1938.

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Peter Gellhorn

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German conductor, composer and pianist Peter Gellhorn (1912-2004) fled Germany during the 1930s and settled in London. He conducted at the Royal Opera House, Sadler’s Wells and Glyndebourne.

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